真题呈现
（全国高考英语II阅读理解D）
Weve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smart phones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
Whats the problem? Its possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. Its more likely that none of us start a conversation because its awkward and challenging, or we think its annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers,consider that small talk is worth the trouble .Experts say its an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.
Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can forget that deep relationships wouldn even exist if it weren for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂)for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast ."Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk, "he explains. "The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.”
In a study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop.One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter, the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience. "its not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband.”says Dunn ."But interactions with peripheral (边缘的)members of our social network matter for our well-being also.”
Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others.Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk."Small talk is the basis of good manners, ”he says.
32. What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?
A. Addiction to smart phones
B.Inappropriate behaviours in public places
C. Absence of communication between strangers.
D. Impatience with slow service
33. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?
A. Showing good manners.
B. Relating to other people.
C. Focusing on a topic.
D. Making business deals.
34. What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?
A. It improves family relationships.
B. It raises peoples confidence.
C. It matters as much as a formal talk.
D. It makes people feel good.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. Conversation Counts
B. Ways of Making Small Talk
C. Benefits of Small Talk
D. Uncomfortable Silence
正确答案
C B D C
答案解析
本文属于议论文。文章围绕淡忘或者把闲聊视为不重要的事情，但是闲聊（small talk ）是社会人际交往的润滑剂，能给予我们归属感，与他人建立一种联系，并给我们带来巨大的收获。主要采用引用别人观点来例证观点的论证方法。
32.What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?第一段描述了什么现象？
A. Addiction to smart phones对智能手机的依赖。
B.Inappropriate behaviours in public places公共场所不当行为。
C. Absence of communication between strangers.陌生人之间缺乏沟通。
D. Impatience with slow service慢服务使人不耐烦。
题目给出的可利用的信息in the first paragraph，充分说明本题要定位到第一段。题目中的疑问词What phenomenon ，暗示题目考查段落在文章中的篇章功能。从全文的主旨和行文思路，可以知道：本文属于议论文。首段介绍当前存在的现象，后面段落围绕现象展开议论。既然首段引入话题，那么思考可以从两个角度入手：首先，从全文考虑，核心话题为small talk，那么与其相关的选项C（ Absence of communication between strangers.陌生人之间缺乏沟通）则入选。其次，从本段分析，找到本段的关键信息：worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.认真体会silence，答案可以得出。此外，虽然题目提供in the first paragraph的定位信息，但第一段的文字是列举具体的现象，而问题需要概括现象。仔细观察会发现:第二段的首句为过渡句，它以疑问句的形式出现，它恰好就是本题的另一种呈现。这一句的具体回答为第二段后面的文字，后面的核心信息为“conversation”。选项C与其相吻合，所以入选。
33. What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?卡杜西认为，什么是成功闲聊的重要因素？
A. Showing good manners.表现出良好的礼貌。
B. Relating to other people.与他人有关。
C. Focusing on a topic.专注于一个主题。
D. Making business deals做商业交易。
本题属于细节信息理解题。从题目中的according to Carducci和important for successful small talk 要求和暗示，定位到第三段。选取人物言论是引用论证的方法。论据用来证明观点的。那么我们找的方向应该是本段的观点性语句。可以从语句"but we can forget that deep relationships wouldn even exist if it weren for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂)for social communication..."以及“The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.”分析思考。尤其The key to successful small talk和 What is important for successful small talk是信息对应。The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them（成功的闲聊的关键是学会如何与他人沟通，而不仅仅是与他们沟通）的表述是B项的具体表述。
34. What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?这家咖啡店的对闲聊的研究暗示了什么？
A. It improves family relationships.它能改善家庭关系。
B. It raises peoples confidence.它提高了人们的信心。
C. It matters as much as a formal talk.这项的和正式会谈一样重要。
D. It makes people feel good.它使人们感觉良好。
题为细节理解题。记住细节和例子往往是为观点和主旨服务的。suggest这个题目所给信息，此题不在于考查例子，而在于考查学生对于主旨的理解与理解。从题目所给信息定位到第四段和第五段，此段的关键语句：...people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others中的 feel a significantly greater sense of belonging与B. It raises peoples confidence属于同意置换，故选B.
35. What is the best title for the text?这篇课文的最佳标题是什么？
A. Conversation Counts谈话的重要性
B. Ways of Making Small Talk闲聊的方式
C. Benefits of Small Talk闲聊的好处
D. Uncomfortable Silence不舒服的沉默
本题为总结概括题，要求选出文章最佳题目。我们可以找文章主题句，也可以找话题“small talk”和核心信息“communication”则该题便可迎刃而解。但一定紧扣主旨，不要纠结于细节。辨析时要充分体会counts,ways和benefits的区别，从全文角度体会，便会排除B和D。A和C的甄别是此题的难点。虽然“communication”文章多处提到，但不是全文核心话题。
真题译文：
我们都去过那里：在电梯里，在银行排队，或坐飞机，周围都是像我们一样，全神贯注在智能手机上的人，更糟糕的是，他们在令人不舒服的沉默中挣扎。 .
有什么问题吗？我们都有可能已经破坏了谈话的智慧。更有可能的是，我们没有人开始谈话，因为这是尴尬和挑战，或者我们认为这是烦人又没必要。但是下一次当你发现自己和陌生人在一起的时候，认为闲聊是值得的。专家们说这是一种无价的社会实践，会带来很大的好处。
把闲聊视为不重要的事情很容易，但我们不能忘记，如果不是为了闲聊，就根本不存在深厚的人际关系。闲聊是社交交流的润滑剂， 印第安纳大学东南分校害羞研究所所长贝尔纳多·卡杜西说，“几乎每一个伟大的爱情故事和每一桩大生意都是从闲聊开始的，”他解释道，“成功的闲聊的关键是学会如何与他人沟通，而不仅仅是与他们沟通。”
在一项的研究中，UBC心理学副教授Elizabeth Dunn邀请人们进入一家咖啡店。一组被要求与服务员一起寻求互动。 只有在必要时才发言。结果显示，那些和服务生聊天的人表现出了更高的积极情绪和更好的咖啡店体验。 邓恩说：“服务生总比和你丈夫说话好，但与我们社交网络中的外延成员的互动对我们的幸福也很重要。”
邓恩认为，与陌生人接触的人会有一种更强烈的归属感，即与他人的联系。卡杜西认为，培养这种归属感始于闲聊。 “闲聊是礼貌的基础，”他说。
