标准化画图，包括colorbar，imshow数据，坐标投影到世界坐标系，画分辨率beam，contour轮廓。由以下代码提供，文件来源MPIFR网址
from astropy.io import fits as pffrom reproject import reproject_interpfrom astropy.wcs.wcs import WCSfrom matplotlib.pyplot import plot, scaimport numpy as npfrom astropy import wcsfrom matplotlib import pylab as pltimport matplotlib as mplfrom mpl_toolkits.axes_grid1 import make_axes_locatable, axes_sizefrom copy import deepcopyfrom regions import PixCoordfrom regions import EllipseSkyRegion, EllipsePixelRegionfrom astropy import units as ufrom astropy.coordinates import SkyCoordimport matplotlib.colors as colorsimport mathimport sys#数据导入data = pf.getdata('m31_6cm.fits')[0]hdr0 = pf.getheader('m31_6cm.fits')#修改头文件，其实也可以不修改，因为原来的fits文件的beam信息没有给出所以这边修改成自己想要的。header各个信息参考以下文章#/weixin_42842694/article/details/118723782hdr = pf.Header({'SIMPLE': True,'BITPIX': -32,'NAXIS': 2,'NAXIS1': hdr0['NAXIS1'],'NAXIS2': hdr0['NAXIS2'],'CDELT1': hdr0['CDELT1'],'CRVAL1': hdr0['CRVAL1'],'CRPIX1': hdr0['CRPIX1'],'CTYPE1': hdr0['CTYPE1'],'CDELT2': hdr0['CDELT2'],'CRPIX2': hdr0['CRPIX2'],'CRVAL2': hdr0['CRVAL2'],'CTYPE2': hdr0['CTYPE2'],'BMAJ' : 1.5000E-01,'BMIN' : 1.5000E-01,'BPA' : 0.00,'EQUINOX': 2000.00, 'EXTEND':True})#设置画布的尺寸大小plt.rcParams.update({'font.size': 30})fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12,12))wcs = WCS(hdr)ax = plt.subplot(1,1,1, projection=wcs)#colorbar样式选择cm1 = plt.get_cmap('cubehelix_r')#norm = mpl.colors.LogNorm(vmax=vmax_v, vmin=vmin_v)#imshow参考#/weixin_42842694/article/details/119249749vmax_v = np.percentile(data,95)vmin_v = np.percentile(data,4)im = ax.imshow(data, origin='lower', cmap=cm1, vmax=vmax_v, vmin=vmin_v)ax.coords['ra'].set_axislabel('Right Ascension')ax.coords['dec'].set_axislabel('Declination')#绘制分辨率beam。单口径天线是一个圆，如果是干涉阵是一个有倾角的椭圆word = wcs.wcs_pix2world([[20,20]],0) #选择椭圆要绘制的位置，以图中pix为准center_sky = SkyCoord(word[0][0], word[0][1], unit='deg', frame='fk5')region_sky = EllipseSkyRegion(center=center_sky,height=hdr['BMAJ'] * u.deg, width=hdr['BMIN'] * u.deg,angle=hdr['BPA'] * u.deg)pixel_region = region_sky.to_pixel(wcs)pixel_region.plot(color='b')#画contour，level可以设置需要每个contour的间隔level =np.linspace(vmin_v, vmax_v, 5)ax.contour(data,levels=level,colors=['black'])#设置colorbar的位置和大小position=fig.add_axes([0.77, 0.11, 0.04, 0.77])#位置[左,下,右,上]#位置左和下相当于确定位置（下是从下边开始算0），右和上是在确定了左，下的增量cb = fig.colorbar(im, cax = position)#或者可以考虑用这个来设置colorbar的宽和长，区别在自动帮你设置好colorbar的位置cb = fig.colorbar(im, fraction =0.04, pad = 0.03)#设置colorbar自定义刻度和labelcolors_range = np.linspace(vmin_v, vmax_v, 5)cb.set_ticks(colors_range)cb.set_ticklabels([1,2,3,4,5])cb.set_label(r'mJy beam$^{-1}$')plt.show()
