说明：
本次的教程主要是对微信公众平台开发者模式的讲解，网络上很多类似文章，但很多都让初学微信开发的人一头雾水，所以总结自己的微信开发经验，将微信开发的整个过程系统的列出，并对主要代码进行讲解分析，让初学者尽快上手。
在阅读本文之前，应对微信公众平台的官方开发文档有所了解，知道接收和发送的都是xml格式的数据。另外，在做内容回复时用到了捷微JEEWX，这是一个自然语言解析的开放平台，可以帮我们解决整个微信开发过程中最困难的问题，此处不多讲，下面会有其详细的调用方式。
1.1 在登录微信官方平台之后，开启开发者模式，此时需要我们填写url和token，所谓url就是我们自己服务器的接口，用WechatServlet.java来实现，相关解释已经在注释中说明，代码如下：
[java]view plaincopypackagedemo.servlet;importjava.io.BufferedReader;importjava.io.IOException;importjava.io.InputStream;importjava.io.InputStreamReader;importjava.io.OutputStream;importjavax.servlet.ServletException;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;importdemo.process.WechatProcess;/***微信服务端收发消息接口**@authorpamchen-1**/publicclassWechatServletextendsHttpServlet{/***ThedoGetmethodoftheservlet.<br>**Thismethodiscalledwhenaformhasitstagvaluemethodequalstoget.**@paramrequest*therequestsendbytheclienttotheserver*@paramresponse*theresponsesendbytheservertotheclient*@throwsServletException*ifanerroroccurred*@throwsIOException*ifanerroroccurred*/publicvoiddoGet(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponseresponse)throwsServletException,IOException{request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");/**读取接收到的xml消息*/StringBuffersb=newStringBuffer();InputStreamis=request.getInputStream();InputStreamReaderisr=newInputStreamReader(is,"UTF-8");BufferedReaderbr=newBufferedReader(isr);Strings="";while((s=br.readLine())!=null){sb.append(s);}Stringxml=sb.toString();//次即为接收到微信端发送过来的xml数据Stringresult="";/**判断是否是微信接入激活验证，只有首次接入验证时才会收到echostr参数，此时需要把它直接返回*/Stringechostr=request.getParameter("echostr");if(echostr!=null&&echostr.length()>1){result=echostr;}else{//正常的微信处理流程result=newWechatProcess().processWechatMag(xml);}try{OutputStreamos=response.getOutputStream();os.write(result.getBytes("UTF-8"));os.flush();os.close();}catch(Exceptione){e.printStackTrace();}}/***ThedoPostmethodoftheservlet.<br>**Thismethodiscalledwhenaformhasitstagvaluemethodequalsto*post.**@paramrequest*therequestsendbytheclienttotheserver*@paramresponse*theresponsesendbytheservertotheclient*@throwsServletException*ifanerroroccurred*@throwsIOException*ifanerroroccurred*/publicvoiddoPost(HttpServletRequestrequest,HttpServletResponseresponse)throwsServletException,IOException{doGet(request,response);}}1.2 相应的web.xml配置信息如下，在生成WechatServlet.java的同时，可自动生成web.xml中的配置。前面所提到的url处可以填写例如：http;//服务器地址/项目名/wechat.do
[html]view plaincopy<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?><web-appversion="2.5"xmlns="/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:xsi="/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="/xml/ns/javaee/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"><servlet><description>ThisisthedescriptionofmyJ2EEcomponent</description><display-name>ThisisthedisplaynameofmyJ2EEcomponent</display-name><servlet-name>WechatServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>demo.servlet.WechatServlet</servlet-class></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>WechatServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/wechat.do</url-pattern></servlet-mapping><welcome-file-list><welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file></welcome-file-list></web-app>1.3 通过以上代码，我们已经实现了微信公众平台开发的框架，即开通开发者模式并成功接入、接收消息和发送消息这三个步骤。
下面就讲解其核心部分——解析接收到的xml数据，并以文本类消息为例，通过图灵机器人api接口实现智能回复。
2.1 首先看一下整体流程处理代码，包括：xml数据处理、调用图灵api、封装返回的xml数据。
[java]view plaincopypackagedemo.process;importjava.util.Date;importdemo.entity.ReceiveXmlEntity;/***微信xml消息处理流程逻辑类*@authorpamchen-1**/publicclassWechatProcess{/***解析处理xml、获取智能回复结果（通过图灵机器人api接口）*@paramxml接收到的微信数据*@return最终的解析结果（xml格式数据）*/publicStringprocessWechatMag(Stringxml){/**解析xml数据*/ReceiveXmlEntityxmlEntity=newReceiveXmlProcess().getMsgEntity(xml);/**以文本消息为例，调用图灵机器人api接口，获取回复内容*/Stringresult="";if("text".endsWith(xmlEntity.getMsgType())){result=newTulingApiProcess().getTulingResult(xmlEntity.getContent());}/**此时，如果用户输入的是“你好”，在经过上面的过程之后，result为“你也好”类似的内容*因为最终回复给微信的也是xml格式的数据，所有需要将其封装为文本类型返回消息**/result=newFormatXmlProcess().formatXmlAnswer(xmlEntity.getFromUserName(),xmlEntity.getToUserName(),result);returnresult;}}
2.2 解析接收到的xml数据，此处有两个类，ReceiveXmlEntity.java和ReceiveXmlProcess.java，通过反射的机制动态调用实体类中的set方法，可以避免很多重复的判断，提高代码效率，代码如下：
[java]view plaincopypackagedemo.entity;/***接收到的微信xml实体类*@authorpamchen-1**/publicclassReceiveXmlEntity{privateStringToUserName="";privateStringFromUserName="";privateStringCreateTime="";privateStringMsgType="";privateStringMsgId="";privateStringEvent="";privateStringEventKey="";privateStringTicket="";privateStringLatitude="";privateStringLongitude="";privateStringPrecision="";privateStringPicUrl="";privateStringMediaId="";privateStringTitle="";privateStringDescription="";privateStringUrl="";privateStringLocation_X="";privateStringLocation_Y="";privateStringScale="";privateStringLabel="";privateStringContent="";privateStringFormat="";privateStringRecognition="";publicStringgetRecognition(){returnRecognition;}publicvoidsetRecognition(Stringrecognition){Recognition=recognition;}publicStringgetFormat(){returnFormat;}publicvoidsetFormat(Stringformat){Format=format;}publicStringgetContent(){returnContent;}publicvoidsetContent(Stringcontent){Content=content;}publicStringgetLocation_X(){returnLocation_X;}publicvoidsetLocation_X(StringlocationX){Location_X=locationX;}publicStringgetLocation_Y(){returnLocation_Y;}publicvoidsetLocation_Y(StringlocationY){Location_Y=locationY;}publicStringgetScale(){returnScale;}publicvoidsetScale(Stringscale){Scale=scale;}publicStringgetLabel(){returnLabel;}publicvoidsetLabel(Stringlabel){Label=label;}publicStringgetTitle(){returnTitle;}publicvoidsetTitle(Stringtitle){Title=title;}publicStringgetDescription(){returnDescription;}publicvoidsetDescription(Stringdescription){Description=description;}publicStringgetUrl(){returnUrl;}publicvoidsetUrl(Stringurl){Url=url;}publicStringgetPicUrl(){returnPicUrl;}publicvoidsetPicUrl(StringpicUrl){PicUrl=picUrl;}publicStringgetMediaId(){returnMediaId;}publicvoidsetMediaId(StringmediaId){MediaId=mediaId;}publicStringgetEventKey(){returnEventKey;}publicvoidsetEventKey(StringeventKey){EventKey=eventKey;}publicStringgetTicket(){returnTicket;}publicvoidsetTicket(Stringticket){Ticket=ticket;}publicStringgetLatitude(){returnLatitude;}publicvoidsetLatitude(Stringlatitude){Latitude=latitude;}publicStringgetLongitude(){returnLongitude;}publicvoidsetLongitude(Stringlongitude){Longitude=longitude;}publicStringgetPrecision(){returnPrecision;}publicvoidsetPrecision(Stringprecision){Precision=precision;}publicStringgetEvent(){returnEvent;}publicvoidsetEvent(Stringevent){Event=event;}publicStringgetMsgId(){returnMsgId;}publicvoidsetMsgId(StringmsgId){MsgId=msgId;}publicStringgetToUserName(){returnToUserName;}publicvoidsetToUserName(StringtoUserName){ToUserName=toUserName;}publicStringgetFromUserName(){returnFromUserName;}publicvoidsetFromUserName(StringfromUserName){FromUserName=fromUserName;}publicStringgetCreateTime(){returnCreateTime;}publicvoidsetCreateTime(StringcreateTime){CreateTime=createTime;}publicStringgetMsgType(){returnMsgType;}publicvoidsetMsgType(StringmsgType){MsgType=msgType;}}[java]view plaincopypackagedemo.process;importjava.lang.reflect.Field;importjava.lang.reflect.Method;importjava.util.Iterator;importorg.dom4j.Document;importorg.dom4j.DocumentHelper;importorg.dom4j.Element;importdemo.entity.ReceiveXmlEntity;/***解析接收到的微信xml，返回消息对象*@authorpamchen-1**/publicclassReceiveXmlProcess{/***解析微信xml消息*@paramstrXml*@return*/publicReceiveXmlEntitygetMsgEntity(StringstrXml){ReceiveXmlEntitymsg=null;try{if(strXml.length()<=0||strXml==null)returnnull;//将字符串转化为XML文档对象Documentdocument=DocumentHelper.parseText(strXml);//获得文档的根节点Elementroot=document.getRootElement();//遍历根节点下所有子节点Iterator<?>iter=root.elementIterator();//遍历所有结点msg=newReceiveXmlEntity();//利用反射机制，调用set方法//获取该实体的元类型Class<?>c=Class.forName("demo.entity.ReceiveXmlEntity");msg=(ReceiveXmlEntity)c.newInstance();//创建这个实体的对象while(iter.hasNext()){Elementele=(Element)iter.next();//获取set方法中的参数字段（实体类的属性）Fieldfield=c.getDeclaredField(ele.getName());//获取set方法，field.getType())获取它的参数数据类型Methodmethod=c.getDeclaredMethod("set"+ele.getName(),field.getType());//调用set方法method.invoke(msg,ele.getText());}}catch(Exceptione){//TODO:handleexceptionSystem.out.println("xml格式异常:"+strXml);e.printStackTrace();}returnmsg;}}
2.3调用捷微JEEWXapi接口，获取智能回复内容：
[java]view plaincopypackagedemo.process;importjava.io.IOException;importjava.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;.URLEncoder;importorg.apache.http.HttpResponse;importorg.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;importorg.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;importorg.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;importorg.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;importorg.json.JSONException;importorg.json.JSONObject;/***调用图灵机器人api接口，获取智能回复内容*@authorpamchen-1**/publicclassTulingApiProcess{/***调用图灵机器人api接口，获取智能回复内容，解析获取自己所需结果*@paramcontent*@return*/publicStringgetTulingResult(Stringcontent){/**此处为图灵api接口，参数key需要自己去注册申请，先以11111111代替*/StringapiUrl="/openapi/api?key=11111111&info=";Stringparam="";try{param=apiUrl+URLEncoder.encode(content,"utf-8");}catch(UnsupportedEncodingExceptione1){//TODOAuto-generatedcatchblocke1.printStackTrace();}//将参数转为url编码/**发送httpget请求*/HttpGetrequest=newHttpGet(param);Stringresult="";try{HttpResponseresponse=HttpClients.createDefault().execute(request);if(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()==200){result=EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());}}catch(ClientProtocolExceptione){e.printStackTrace();}catch(IOExceptione){e.printStackTrace();}/**请求失败处理*/if(null==result){return"对不起，你说的话真是太高深了……";}try{JSONObjectjson=newJSONObject(result);//以code=100000为例，参考图灵机器人api文档if(100000==json.getInt("code")){result=json.getString("text");}}catch(JSONExceptione){//TODOAuto-generatedcatchblocke.printStackTrace();}returnresult;}}2.4 将结果封装为微信规定的xml格式，并返回给1.1中创建的servlet接口。
[java]view plaincopypackagedemo.process;importjava.util.Date;/***封装最终的xml格式结果*@authorpamchen-1**/publicclassFormatXmlProcess{/***封装文字类的返回消息*@paramto*@paramfrom*@paramcontent*@return*/publicStringformatXmlAnswer(Stringto,Stringfrom,Stringcontent){StringBuffersb=newStringBuffer();Datedate=newDate();sb.append("<xml><ToUserName><![CDATA[");sb.append(to);sb.append("]]></ToUserName><FromUserName><![CDATA[");sb.append(from);sb.append("]]></FromUserName><CreateTime>");sb.append(date.getTime());sb.append("</CreateTime><MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType><Content><![CDATA[");sb.append(content);sb.append("]]></Content><FuncFlag>0</FuncFlag></xml>");returnsb.toString();}}总结，以上便是微信公众平台开发的全部流程，整体来看并不复杂，要非常感谢捷微JEEWX，帮我们解决了智能回复这一高难度问题。其他类型的消息处理与示例中类似，有兴趣的开发者可以联系我进行交流学习，希望本文对大家有所帮助。
