linux开源文档管理系统
根帐号 (Root Account)
The"root"account is the most unrestrictive account on a Linux Operating system. This account enables you to complete all features of System admin, including accounts, changing client passwords, looking at log documents, installing programs, and so on.
“ root”帐户是Linux操作系统上最不受限制的帐户。 该帐户使您能够完成系统管理员的所有功能，包括帐户，更改客户端密码，查看日志文档，安装程序等。
When utilizing this account, it is necessary to be as safe as possible. The"root"account has no security limitations forced upon it. This implies it is anything but difficult to perform administrative obligations without a problem. However, the system expects you to realize what you are doing, and will do precisely what you demand - no inquiries posed. Along these lines it is simple, with a mistyped command, to clear out important system records.
使用此帐户时，必须尽可能安全。“根”帐户没有强加的安全限制。 这意味着毫无困难地执行行政义务几乎没有任何困难。 但是，系统希望您意识到自己正在做的事情，并且会精确地完成您的要求-不会提出任何询问。 按照这些思路，使用错误的命令很容易清除重要的系统记录。
At the point when you are marked in as or going in as"root", the shell prompt showcases'#'as the last character. This is to fill in as a notice to you of the total intensity of this account.
在您标记为“ root”或进入“ root”时，shell提示符将显示“＃”作为最后一个字符。 这是为了通知您此帐户的总强度。
创建新的用户帐户 (Creating New User Accounts)
There are two ways to make a new user account. The first is to make the account itself, the second is to give a false name to their email address (At most of the organizations the convention followed is[emailprotected]).
有两种创建新用户帐户的方法。 第一种是自己创建帐户，第二种是给他们的电子邮件地址使用假名(在大多数组织中，遵循的惯例是[电子邮件保护])。
To make the account, choose the username you will appoint to the user. The username is all things considered 8 characters in length, and any place
conceivable you ought to pick their last name, or last name and first alphabet if a user account same exists.
要创建帐户，请选择您要指定给用户的用户名。 用户名是所有被认为长度为8个字符的东西，并且在任何地方
可以想象，您应该选择其姓氏，或者如果存在相同的用户帐户，则选择姓氏和名字字母。
You will at that point be incited to enter other data: complete name of user, user group (The default value), a userid#(assigned by the system on its own), home registry (assigned by the system on its own), a user shell, some password values, lastly the ideal password ( being it an ideal one following 6-12 characters in length with a lowercase, an uppercase, special character, and a number).
此时，您将被激发输入其他数据：用户的全名，用户组(默认值)，用户ID＃(由系统自行分配)，主注册表(由系统自行分配) ，一个用户外壳程序，一些密码值，最后是理想的密码(这是一种理想的密码，长度为6-12个字符，带有小写，大写，特殊字符和一个数字)。
修改用户密码 (Changing User Passwords)
To change a password on the demand of a user, first log into the"root"account. At that point type,''passwd user''(where user is the username of the user you wish to change the password for). The system will provoke you to enter a password. Passwords don't resound to the screen when you enter them.
要根据用户要求更改密码，请首先登录“ root”帐户。 此时输入“ passwd user”(其中user是您要更改其密码的用户的用户名)。 系统会提示您输入密码。 输入密码时，密码不会在屏幕上响起。
You can likewise change your very own password, by composing''passwd''(without indicating a username). You will be provoked to enter your old password for check, and afterward the password you wish to keep.
您也可以通过编写“ passwd”(不表示用户名)来更改自己的密码。 系统将提示您输入旧密码进行检查，然后再输入您希望保留的密码。
禁用用户帐号 (Disabling User Accounts)
To disable a user account, alter, as root, the ''/etc./shadow'' record, and change the password (always stored in the encrypted form) with a ''*'' mark. All Unix passwords, paying little respect to length (up to a limit of 8 characters), are put away in the password record as encrypted strings of 13 characters. In this manner, by changing the password with a ''*'' character, it is nearly impossible for the user to log in.
要禁用用户帐户，请以根用户身份更改“/etc./shadow”记录，并使用“*”标记更改密码(始终以加密形式存储)。 所有Unix密码(几乎不考虑长度)(最多8个字符)都作为13个字符的加密字符串存储在密码记录中。 以这种方式，通过使用“*”字符更改密码，用户几乎无法登录。
Note:This technique will expect you to assign another password to the user in the event that you enable the account in future, since the encrypted password field has been changed. One answer for this which is to just prefix the ''*'' character before the encrypted password to disable the account, and basically removing the "*" to enable it again.
注意：由于加密的密码字段已更改，因此在以后启用帐户的情况下，此技术将希望您为用户分配另一个密码。 一种解决方法是，在加密密码之前加上“*”字符以禁用该帐户，并基本上删除“*”以再次启用它。
删除用户帐号 (Removing User Accounts)
If you are using a Red-Hat Linux Distribution the easiest way to remove or delete an unwanted user account is by using the "userdel" command (wherein the username to be deleted will be followed by the command). But it is recommended that you disable an account before deleting it so that if any need arises in the future from that particular account then it can be called back.
如果您使用的是Red-Hat Linux发行版，则删除或删除不需要的用户帐户的最简单方法是使用“userdel”命令(其中要删除的用户名后面将带有命令)。 但是建议您在删除帐户之前先禁用它，以便将来如果该特定帐户有任何需要，可以对其进行回调。
翻译自: /foss/system-admin-issues-in-linux-free-and-open-source-software.aspx
linux开源文档管理系统
