在论文中，图表往往发挥着极为重要的作用，好的图表将能进一步提升论文的质量。在书写论文时，很多时候需要绘制柱状图，然而不同的柱状图如果采用颜色区分，当论文打印以后，视觉效果大打折扣，甚至无法区分。在遇到这个问题时，我通过网站论坛搜索，终于找到了在matlab中绘制柱状图，并采用不同的图案进行表示。主要利用下面的代码。
function
applyhatch(h,patterns,colorlist)
%APPLYHATCH Apply hatched patterns to a figure
%APPLYHATCH(H,PATTERNS) creates a new figure
from the figure H by
%replacing distinct colors in H with the black
and white
%patterns in PATTERNS. The format for PATTERNS
can be
%a string of
the characters '/', '\', '|', '-', '+', 'x', '.'
%a cell
array of matrices of zeros (white) and ones (black)
%
%APPLYHATCH(H,PATTERNS,COLORS) maps the colors
in the n by 3
%matrix COLORS to PATTERNS. Each row of COLORS
specifies an RGB
%color value.
%
%Note this function makes a bitmap image of H
and so is limited
%to low-resolution, bitmap output.
%
%Example 1:
%bar(rand(3,4));
%applyhatch(gcf,'\-x.');
%
%Example 2:
%colormap(cool(6));
%pie(rand(6,1));
%legend('Jan','Feb','Mar','Apr','May','Jun');
%applyhatch(gcf,'|-+.\/',cool(6));
%
%See also: MAKEHATCH
%By Ben Hinkle, bhinkle@
%This code is in the public domain.
oldppmode = get(h,'paperpositionmode');
oldunits = get(h,'units');
set(h,'paperpositionmode','auto');
set(h,'units','pixels');
figsize =
get(h,'position');
if nargin == 2
colorlist = [];
end
bits = hardcopy(h,'-dzbuffer','-r0');
set(h,'paperpositionmode',oldppmode);
bwidth = size(bits,2);
bheight = size(bits,1);
bsize = bwidth * bheight;
if ~isempty(colorlist)
colorlist = uint8(255*colorlist);
[colors,colori] =
nextnonbw(0,colorlist,bits);
else
colors = (bits(:,:,1) ~= bits(:,:,2)) |
...
(bits(:,:,1) ~= bits(:,:,3));
end
pati = 1;
colorind = find(colors);
while ~isempty(colorind)
colorval(1) = bits(colorind(1));
colorval(2) = bits(colorind(1)+bsize);
colorval(3) = bits(colorind(1)+2*bsize);
if iscell(patterns)
pattern =
patterns{pati};
elseif isa(patterns,'char')
pattern =
makehatch(patterns(pati));
else
pattern =
patterns;
end
pattern = uint8(255*(1-pattern));
pheight = size(pattern,2);
pwidth = size(pattern,1);
ratioh = ceil(bheight/pheight);
ratiow = ceil(bwidth/pwidth);
bigpattern = repmat(pattern,[ratioh
ratiow]);
if ratioh*pheight > bheight
bigpattern(bheight+1:end,:) = [];
end
if ratiow*pwidth > bwidth
bigpattern(:,bwidth+1:end) = [];
end
bigpattern = repmat(bigpattern,[1 1 3]);
color = (bits(:,:,1) == colorval(1))
& ...
(bits(:,:,2) ==
colorval(2)) & ...
(bits(:,:,3) == colorval(3));
color = repmat(color,[1 1 3]);
bits(color) = bigpattern(color);
if ~isempty(colorlist)
[colors,colori] = nextnonbw(colori,colorlist,bits);
else
colors =
(bits(:,:,1) ~= bits(:,:,2)) | ...
(bits(:,:,1) ~= bits(:,:,3));
end
colorind = find(colors);
pati = (pati + 1);
if pati > length(patterns)
pati =
1;
end
end
newfig =
figure('units','pixels','visible','off');
imaxes = axes('parent',newfig,'units','pixels');
im = image(bits,'parent',imaxes);
fpos = get(newfig,'position');
set(newfig,'position',[fpos(1:2) figsize(3) figsize(4)+1]);
set(imaxes,'position',[0 0 figsize(3)
figsize(4)+1],'visible','off');
set(newfig,'visible','on');
function [colors,out] =
nextnonbw(ind,colorlist,bits)
out = ind+1;
colors = [];
while out <= size(colorlist,1)
if isequal(colorlist(out,:),[255 255 255]) |
...
isequal(colorlist(out,:),[0 0 0])
out =
out+1;
else
colors =
(colorlist(out,1) == bits(:,:,1)) & ...
(colorlist(out,2) == bits(:,:,2)) & ...
(colorlist(out,3) == bits(:,:,3));
return
end
end
而applyhatch函数需要调用下面的函数
function A = makehatch(hatch)
%MAKEHATCH Predefined hatch patterns
%MAKEHATCH(HATCH) returns a
matrix with the hatch pattern for HATCH
%according to the following
table:
%HATCHpattern
%----------------
%/right-slanted lines
%\left-slanted lines
%|vertical lines
%-horizontal lines
%+crossing vertical and horizontal lines
%xcriss-crossing lines
%.single dots
%
%See also: APPLYHATCH
%By Ben
Hinkle, bhinkle@
%This code is in the public domain.
n = 6;
A=zeros(n);
switch (hatch)
case '/'
A = fliplr(eye(n));
case '\'
A = eye(n);
case '|'
A(:,1) = 1;
case '-'
A(1,:) = 1;
case '+'
A(:,1) = 1;
A(1,:) = 1;
case 'x'
A = eye(n) | fliplr(diag(ones(n-1,1),-1));
case '.'
A(1:2,1:2)=1;
otherwise
error(['Undefined hatch pattern "' hatch
'".']);
end
效果如下图所示
