手动对焦的安卓相机
Autofocus doesn’t always work as well as you’d hope. Sometimes it’s necessary to go old school and focus your camera manually. Here’s how to make sure you get sharp shots.
自动对焦并非总是如您所愿。 有时有必要去学校读书并手动对焦相机。 这是确保获得清晰照片的方法。
Autofocus is excellent on bright days when there’s a clear subject but, if you’re shooting in low light, want to focus on a specific object, or there isn’t a distinct subject, autofocus can struggle. For landscape images, for example, I almost always use manual focus because it gives me total control over the image.
在明亮的日子里，如果有清晰的被摄对象，则自动对焦效果非常好；但是，如果您在光线较暗的情况下拍摄，想要对焦于特定对象或没有清晰的对象，则自动对焦可能会遇到困难。 例如，对于风景图像，我几乎总是使用手动对焦，因为它可以完全控制图像。
手动对焦的基础 (The Basics of Manually Focusing)
The simplest way to manually focus your lens is just to adjust the focus ring until whatever you are trying to capture is sharp.
手动对焦镜头最简单的方法就是调整对焦环，直到要捕捉的东西清晰为止。
Remember, the wider your aperture, the more accurate you’ll need to be, and when you’re focusing through your lens like this, your aperture is always wide open, even if you have it set to something else; it only closes up when you go to take a shot. To get a better idea of what’s actually in focus, you need to use the depth of field preview button.
请记住， 您的光圈越大，您将需要越精确 ，并且当您像这样通过镜头对焦时，即使您将其设置为其他光圈，您的光圈也会始终敞开。 它仅在您拍摄时关闭。 为了更好地了解实际焦点， 您需要使用景深预览按钮 。
Unfortunately, this isn’t a practical way to reliably get good shots unless you’re using a narrow aperture. Modern lenses and cameras work on the assumption that people are generally using autofocus, so it’s now much much harder to manually focus by eye than it was with older cameras. Lenses have shorter focal throw distances (the amount of movement required to adjust the focus), lack distance scales, and otherwise just aren’t designed to be quickly and easily focused manually through the viewfinder.
不幸的是，除非您使用狭窄的光圈，否则这不是可靠拍摄好照片的实用方法。 现代镜头和相机是在人们通常使用自动对焦的前提下工作的，因此与旧相机相比，现在用人工眼进行手动对焦要困难得多。 镜头的焦距距离较短(调整焦距所需的移动量)，距离刻度不足，否则镜头设计得无法通过取景器手动快速，轻松地对焦。
如何以正确的方式手动聚焦 (How to Manually Focus the Right Way)
The good news is that there’s a great way to focus a modern camera set up manually. It just requires a bit more time and, ideally, a tripod.
好消息是，有一种很好的方法可以对手动设置的现代相机进行对焦。 它只需要更多的时间，理想情况下是三脚架。
Put your camera into Live View mode and if you can, mount it on a tripod. Live View shows a real-time preview, so the depth of field and brightness you see are pretty accurate.
将相机置于实时显示模式，如果可以，将其安装在三脚架上。 实时显示可实时预览，因此您所看到的景深和亮度非常准确。
Use the zoom to zoom in as close as you can on the subject you want to be in focus; my camera can go to 10x. The zoom buttons are in different place on different cameras but are almost always close to the Live View screen. This is also a digital preview zoom; it’s not zooming in the lens. It’s just giving you a much better preview than you get looking through the viewfinder.
使用变焦尽可能近地放大要聚焦的对象。 我的相机可以放大10倍。 变焦按钮在不同相机上的不同位置，但几乎总是靠近实时显示屏幕。 这也是数字预览缩放； 它没有放大镜头。 与通过取景器进行查看相比，它提供的预览效果要好得多。
Next, adjust the focal ring until the subject is sharp and in focus. Since it’s zoomed in on the large screen and you’re getting an accurate preview of the depth of field, this should be easy enough. Take the photo, and you’re done.
接下来，调节聚焦环，直到被摄物体清晰且清晰。 由于它是在大屏幕上放大的，并且可以准确地预览景深，因此这应该很容易。 拍照，就好了。
什么时候应该使用手动对焦 (When Should You Use Manual Focus)
At the start I mentioned a few scenarios when manually focusing your lens is a good idea, but let’s look at them in a little more depth.
在开始时，我提到了一些手动对焦镜头的好方法，但是让我们更深入地了解一下它们。
在低光下 (In Low Light)
Autofocus is at its worst in low light conditions. It just doesn’t work when there’s not a lot of contrast. This means that in low light conditions you’ll be more likely to need to use manual focus to get the shot you want.
在弱光条件下，自动对焦的性能最差 。 没有太多对比时，它只是行不通。 这意味着在弱光条件下，您更有可能需要使用手动对焦来获得想要的镜头。
If you’re trying to hand hold your camera to take quick shots, things are going to be more difficult than if you’re able to lock down your camera on a tripod and focus on the stars. You’ll just need to find the right balance between speed and accuracy for your shots.
如果您试图手持相机进行快速拍摄 ，那么与将相机锁定在三脚架上并聚焦于星星上相比，事情将会变得更加困难。 您只需要在拍摄速度和准确性之间找到适当的平衡即可。
当您希望一切集中 (When You Want Everything In Focus)
For good landscape photos, you normally want everything from the mountains in the distance to the grass in front of you to be in focus. Autofocus isn’t great for this because it will normally just focus on a subject in the foreground.
要获得优质的风景照片 ，通常希望从远处的山峦到前方的草丛等一切事物都能成为焦点。 自动对焦不适用于此用途，因为它通常只对焦于前景中的对象。
When you’re shooting landscapes and want everything to be in focus, one simple tip is to focus one-third of the way into the scene on something in the midground with your aperture set to f/16 or so.
当您拍摄风景并希望一切都聚焦时，一个简单的技巧是将进入场景的三分之一聚焦在光圈设置为f / 16左右的中层物体上。
For example, if you want everything from the wall five feet away to the buildings 500 feet away to be in focus, you should try and focus on something about 150 feet away from you. The reasons why this works get quite mathematical and complicated fast, but the gist is that the area in focus in your images is split roughly 33% in front of the focal point and 66% behind. By using a large aperture we guarantee there’ll be a large depth of focus and by focusing a third of the way in, we get it to cover as much of the image as possible. Note, for really distant objects like mountains or the stars, you can just assume a distance of around 1000 feet or so to approximate things.
例如，如果要使从5英尺外的墙壁到500英尺外的建筑物的所有焦点都清晰可见，则应尝试将注意力集中在距离150英尺远的地方。 这项工作之所以能快速获得数学运算和复杂的原因，但要点是，图像中的焦点区域在焦点前面的位置大约分开了33％，在后面的位置大约分开了66％。 通过使用大光圈，我们可以保证有较大的聚焦深度，并且通过聚焦三分之一的距离，就可以覆盖尽可能多的图像。 请注意，对于真正遥远的物体(例如山脉或星星)，您可以假设大约1000英尺左右的距离来近似物体。
当你分心的时候 (When You’re There’s a Lot of Distractions)
Autofocus normally focuses on the simplest, most obvious foreground subjects. This is great most of the time but if there’s something distracting or opaque in the foreground, like some tree branches or a window it will probably focus on that instead of the real subject.
自动对焦通常聚焦于最简单，最明显的前景对象。 这在大多数情况下都是很好的，但是如果前景中有些干扰或不透明的东西(例如某些树枝或窗户)，则可能会专注于该主题而不是真实主题。
Swap to manual focus and focus on the subject yourself.
切换到手动对焦并自己专注于主题。
您希望控制或保持一致性的任何其他时间 (Any Other Time You Want Control or Consistency)
Autofocus is just another tool at your disposal. Any time you want control or consistency, there’s a good chance it will do more harm than good. You probably should use manual focus when you’re doing anything like HDR images, macro images, panoramas, or anything else where you’re combining more than one image.
自动对焦只是您可以使用的另一种工具。 每当您想要控制或保持一致性时，很有可能弊大于利。 在执行HDR图像 ， 宏图像 ， 全景图或其他将多个图像组合在一起的操作时，您可能应该使用手动对焦。
It’s easy to let your camera automatically do everything and come away with decent images. It’s not the way to take great photos though; for that, you need to know how to control your camera properly—even if that means focusing manually.
让您的相机自动执行所有操作并获得不错的图像很容易。 不过，这并不是拍摄出色照片的方法； 为此，您需要知道如何正确控制相机-即使这意味着手动对焦。
翻译自: /365283/how-to-manually-focus-your-dslr-or-mirrorless-camera/
手动对焦的安卓相机
