文章目录

读前必看测试号推送天气接口获取数据

谁说程序员不懂浪漫? 将你的关心 推送至微信公众号 给女朋友及时的关怀~（这位同学 你女朋友呢？）

读前必看

关于微信开发平台，小程序和公众号是不一样的，而公众号又会区分订阅号、服务号、测试号，服务号会比订阅号拥有更多权限，而订阅号又区分是否个人主体，很不幸博主一开始在捣鼓的是个人主体的订阅号，试了半天，然后看到了文档 发现这类公众号什么权限都没有:

干得漂亮 … 当然 如果不是个人主体的订阅号 或者是服务号的同学，是可以在这页面继续认证的

那既然这个什么都干不了，我们可以转战测试号，测试号有个很明显的弊端就是公众号名称很难看 还改不了。。。

当然 相信同学们的对象(new Object() ) 是不会嫌弃的

本文主要介绍测试号如何推送，当然 如果你的订阅号不是个人主体 也可以参考一下 基本是差不多的，但如果是个人主体，调用没权限的接口就会报48001。

测试号推送

首先我们在微信公众号平台 https://mp./ 找到开发者工具

选择公众平台测试账号

这里需要注意的是 URL需要公网，如果没有服务器域名，我们可以使用免费的内网穿透软件 博主这里使用的是natapp，natapp可以将本地ip端口映射到公网域名

如下图 其实就是127.0.0.1:8080(项目地址)映射的

/wx 是我们项目中的路径 也就是@RequestMapping(“/wx”)

在提交前 我们需要服务端已经写好了接口 用于校验URL 代码如下：

import mons.io.IOUtils;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import java.util.List;@Controller@RequestMapping("/wx")public class WeChatUrlController {/*** 用于微信公众号平台URL校验* @param req* @param response* @throws Exception*/@GetMappingpublic void weChatConnect(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {Signature sg = new Signature(req.getParameter("signature"),req.getParameter("timestamp"),req.getParameter("nonce"),req.getParameter("echostr"));ServletInputStream inputStream = req.getInputStream();String s = IOUtils.toString(inputStream, "UTF-8");System.out.println(s);String method = req.getMethod();// 如果是微信发过来的GET请求if ("GET".equals(method)) {if (CheckUtil.checkSignature(sg)) {System.out.println("微信连接成功！");response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");response.getWriter().write(sg.getEchostr());}}}}

public class Signature {private String signature;private String timestamp;private String nonce;private String echostr;public Signature() {super();// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub}public Signature(String signature, String timestamp, String nonce, String echostr) {super();this.signature = signature;this.timestamp = timestamp;this.nonce = nonce;this.echostr = echostr;}public String getSignature() {return signature;}public void setSignature(String signature) {this.signature = signature;}public String getTimestamp() {return timestamp;}public void setTimestamp(String timestamp) {this.timestamp = timestamp;}public String getNonce() {return nonce;}public void setNonce(String nonce) {this.nonce = nonce;}public String getEchostr() {return echostr;}public void setEchostr(String echostr) {this.echostr = echostr;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Signature [signature=" + signature + ", timestamp=" + timestamp + ", nonce=" + nonce + ", echostr="+ echostr + "]";}}

import java.security.MessageDigest;import java.util.Arrays;public class CheckUtil {// 换成你自己定义的tokenprivate static final String token = "xxxx";public static boolean checkSignature(Signature sg) {String[] arr = new String[] {token, sg.getTimestamp(), sg.getNonce() };// 排序Arrays.sort(arr);// 生成字符串StringBuffer content = new StringBuffer();for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {content.append(arr[i]);}// sha1加密String temp = getSha1(content.toString());// 比较return temp.equals(sg.getSignature());}// 加密算法public static String getSha1(String str) {if (str == null || str.length() == 0) {return null;}char hexDigits[] = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f' };try {MessageDigest mdTemp = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");mdTemp.update(str.getBytes("UTF-8"));byte[] md = mdTemp.digest();int j = md.length;char buf[] = new char[j * 2];int k = 0;for (int i = 0; i < j; i++) {byte byte0 = md[i];buf[k++] = hexDigits[byte0 >>> 4 & 0xf];buf[k++] = hexDigits[byte0 & 0xf];}return new String(buf);} catch (Exception e) {return null;}}}

提交成功后 第二步就是获取用户的openId了

我们可以引入一个starter 大幅度简化代码 不用再手动去调用url了

<dependency><groupId>com.github.binarywang</groupId><artifactId>wx-java-mp-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>4.0.0</version></dependency>

获取openId的方法 我们同样写在WeChatUrlController, 完整代码变为如下：

import me.chanjar.weixin.mp.api.WxMpService;import me.chanjar.weixin.mp.api.WxMpUserService;import me.chanjar.weixin.mp.bean.result.WxMpUserList;import mons.io.IOUtils;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import java.util.List;@Controller@RequestMapping("/wx")public class WeChatUrlController {@Autowiredprivate WxMpService wxMpService;/*** 用于微信公众号平台URL校验* @param req* @param response* @throws Exception*/@GetMappingpublic void weChatConnect(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {Signature sg = new Signature(req.getParameter("signature"),req.getParameter("timestamp"),req.getParameter("nonce"),req.getParameter("echostr"));ServletInputStream inputStream = req.getInputStream();String s = IOUtils.toString(inputStream, "UTF-8");System.out.println(s);String method = req.getMethod();// 如果是微信发过来的GET请求if ("GET".equals(method)) {if (CheckUtil.checkSignature(sg)) {System.out.println("微信连接成功！");response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");response.getWriter().write(sg.getEchostr());}}}/*** 获取用户的 openId* @param req* @param response* @throws Exception*/@PostMappingpublic void getUserInfo(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {// 方式一 获取所有关注该公众号的用户的openIdWxMpUserService userService = wxMpService.getUserService();WxMpUserList wxMpUserList = userService.userList("");List<String> openIds = wxMpUserList.getOpenids();System.out.println(openIds);// 方式二 让用户在微信公众号发消息 会进入此接口 （POST请求 和我们设置的URL /wx 对应）ServletInputStream inputStream = req.getInputStream();String s = IOUtils.toString(inputStream, "UTF-8");// 打印结果中的 FromUserName节点 <FromUserName><![CDATA[x-xxxx]]></FromUserName>// x-xxxx就是openId了 System.out.println(s);}}

设置消息模板 在设置URL的同个页面 往下翻 复制模板id

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;import com.qiuhuanhen.sendforyou.entity.WeChatTemplateMsg;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;import org.ponent;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;@Slf4j@Componentpublic class Message {@PostConstruct@GetMapping("/sendMessage")public String sendMessage() {// 模板参数Map<String, WeChatTemplateMsg> sendMag = new HashMap<String, WeChatTemplateMsg>();// 需要替换成你自己的三个参数// openId代表一个唯一微信用户，即微信消息的接收人String openId = "x-xxx";// 消息模板idString templateId = "xxxx";// 微信的基础accessTokenString accessToken ="x-xx-xxx";String url = "https://api./cgi-bin/message/template/send?access_token=" + accessToken;/*** key和模板id相对应 这里取了两个key做测试 **/sendMag.put("temperatureDay", new WeChatTemplateMsg("111"));sendMag.put("weatherDay", new WeChatTemplateMsg("333"));RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();//拼接base参数Map<String, Object> sendBody = new HashMap<>();sendBody.put("touser", openId);// openIdsendBody.put("url", ""); // 点击模板信息跳转地址sendBody.put("topcolor", "#FF0000");// 顶色sendBody.put("data", sendMag); // 模板参数sendBody.put("template_id", templateId );// 模板IdResponseEntity<String> forEntity = restTemplate.postForEntity(url, sendBody, String.class);log.info("结果是: {}",forEntity.getBody());JSONObject jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(forEntity.getBody());// 0String messageCode = jsonObject.getString("errcode");// 2431260672639467520String msgId = jsonObject.getString("msgid");System.out.println("messageCode : " + messageCode + ", msgId: " +msgId);return forEntity.getBody();}}

import lombok.*;@Data@EqualsAndHashCode@AllArgsConstructor@NoArgsConstructorpublic class WeChatTemplateMsg {/** msg **/private String value;private String color;public WeChatTemplateMsg(String value) {this.value = value;}}

/*** 获取接口访问凭证** @param appid 凭证* @param appsecret 密钥* @return*/public static AccessToken getToken(String appid, String appsecret) {AccessToken token = null;String requestUrl = tokenUrl.replace("APPID", appid).replace("APPSECRET", appsecret);// 发起GET请求获取凭证JSONObject jsonObject = httpsRequest(requestUrl, "GET", null);if (null != jsonObject) {try {token = new AccessToken();token.setAccessToken(jsonObject.getString("access_token"));token.setExpiresIn(jsonObject.getInteger("expires_in"));} catch (JSONException e) {token = null;// 获取token失败log.error("获取token失败 errcode:{} errmsg:{}", jsonObject.getInteger("errcode"), jsonObject.getString("errmsg"));}}return token;}

简易效果图：

我们的推送内容 可以是天气预报等等，天气预报推荐用高德开放平台，步骤也比较简单。

天气接口获取数据

首先我们要去高德开放平台申请key

代码如下:

import lombok.Data;@Datapublic class Cast {private String date;private String week;private String dayWeather;private String nightWeather;private String dayTemp;private String nightTemp;private String dayWind;private String nightWind;private String dayPower;private String nightPower;}

import lombok.Data;import java.util.ArrayList;@Datapublic class Forecast {private String city;private String adCode;private String province;private String reportTime;private ArrayList<Cast> casts;}

import lombok.Data;import java.util.ArrayList;@Datapublic class WeatherDTO {private String status;private String count;private String info;private String infoCode;private ArrayList<Forecast> forecasts;}

@Componentpublic class WeatherJob {/*** 高德开放平台key 需要替换成你自己的*/String AMAP_KEY = "xxx";/*** city code (行政编码 身份证前6位)*/String CITY_CODE = "440100";@Scheduled(cron = "0 0 10 * * ?")public void getWeather() throws IOException {String weatherUrl = "/v3/weather/weatherInfo?city=" + CITY_CODE + "&key=" + AMAP_KEY + "&extensions=all";StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();BufferedReader in = null;try {URL url = new URL(weatherUrl);URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream()));String line;while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {result.append(line);}in.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {if (null != in)in.close();}WeatherDTO weatherDTO = JSON.parseObject(result.toString(), WeatherDTO.class);System.out.println(weatherDTO);Forecast forecast = weatherDTO.getForecasts().get(0);String city = forecast.getCity();String reportTime = forecast.getReportTime();ArrayList<Cast> casts = weatherDTO.getForecasts().get(0).getCasts();Cast today = casts.get(0);String todayDayWeather = today.getDayWeather();String todayNightWeather = today.getDayWeather();String todayDayTemp = today.getDayTemp();String todayNightTemp = today.getDayTemp();String todayDayPower = today.getDayPower();String todayNightPower = today.getDayPower();String currentReport = "【" + city + "】: 当前时间" + reportTime + "\n" + "[今日天气]：" +"\n白天 " + todayDayWeather + " " + todayDayTemp + "°C" + " 风力" + todayDayPower + "级;" +"\n晚上 " + todayNightWeather + " " + todayNightTemp + "°C" + " 风力" + todayNightPower + "级";}