使用命令行工具mysqlimport导入数据
Usage: mysqlimport
[OPTIONS]
database
textfile...
默认从以下路径中文件读取默认参数
/etc/mysql/f /etc/f ~/.f
1、常用选项：
--fields-terminated-by=字符串：设置字符串为字段之间的分隔符，可以为单个或多个字符。默认值为制表符“\t”。
-L,
--local：表示从客户端任意路径读取文件导入表中，未设置该选项时，默认只从datadir下同名数据库目录下读取文件导入
--ignore-lines=n：表示可以忽略前n行。
-l,
--lock-tables：写入时锁定所有表
-p,
--password[=name]：指定用户密码
-u,
--user=name：指定登入MySQL用户名
-h,
--host=name：指定远程连接的服务器
-c,
--columns=name：往表里导入指定字段，如：--columns='Name,Age,Gender'
-C,
--compress：在客户端和服务器之间启用压缩传递所有信息
其它可用选项和默认参数设置可以使用mysqlimport -help查询
2、用法示例：
例1：基本用法
mysql>
create table classes3 like classes;
Query OK,
0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
[root@www
tmp]# mysqlimport -u root --local hellodb classes3.sql
--fields-terminated-by="|"
hellodb.classes3: Records: 10 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql>
select *
from classes3;
+---------+----------------+----------+
| ClassID
| Class
| NumOfStu |
+---------+----------------+----------+
|
1 | Shaolin Pai
|
10 |
|
2 | Emei Pai
|
7 |
|
3 | QingCheng Pai |
11 |
|
4 | Wudang Pai
|
12 |
|
5 | Riyue Shenjiao |
31 |
|
6 | Lianshan Pai
|
27 |
|
7 | Ming Jiao
|
27 |
|
8 | Xiaoyao Pai
|
15 |
|
9 | HuaShan Pai
|
32 |
|
10 | Fuwei Biaoju
|
19 |
+---------+----------------+----------+
10 rows in
set (0.00 sec)
例2：指定--local选项，可以从本机任意路径导入数据
mysql>
create table classes2 like classes;
Query OK,
0 rows affected (0.14 sec):
[root@www
tmp]# cp classes2.sql /tmp
[root@www
tmp]# mysqlimport -u root --local hellodb
/tmp/classes2.sql
hellodb.classes2: Records: 10 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql>
select *
from classes2;
+---------+----------------+----------+
| ClassID
| Class
| NumOfStu |
+---------+----------------+----------+
|
1 | Shaolin Pai |
10 |
|
2 | Emei Pai
|
7 |
|
3 | QingCheng Pai |
11 |
|
4 | Wudang Pai
|
12 |
|
5 | Riyue Shenjiao |
31 |
|
6 | Lianshan Pai
|
27 |
|
7 | Ming Jiao
|
27 |
|
8 | Xiaoyao Pai
|
15 |
|
9 | HuaShan Pai
|
32 |
|
10 | Fuwei Biaoju
|
19 |
+---------+----------------+----------+
10 rows in
set (0.00 sec)
例3：未指定--local选项，无法从f中定义的其它路径中往表里导入数据
mysql>
delete from classes2;
Query OK,
10 rows affected (0.01 sec)
[root@www
~]# head /tmp/classes2.sql -n 3
1
Shaolin Pai
10
2
Emei Pai
7
3
QingCheng Pai 11
[root@www
~]# mysqlimport -u root hellodb /tmp/classes2.sql
mysqlimport: Error: 29, File '/tmp/classes2.sql' not found
(Errcode: 13), when using table: classes2
例4：未指定--local选项，默认只从mysql数据存放路径同名数据库目录下读取文件导入表中，必须指定绝对路径。
mysql>
delete from students1;
Query OK,
27 rows affected (2.60 sec)
[root@www
tmp]# sed 's/\t/\|/g' students.sql> students1.sql
[root@www
tmp]# head -n 2 students1.sql
1|Shi
Zhongyu|22|M|2|3
2|Shi
Potian|22|M|1|7
[root@www
tmp]# cd
[root@www
~]# mysqlimport -u mhauser -p888888 hellodb students1.sql
--fields-terminated="|"
mysqlimport: Error: 13, Can't get stat of
'/var/lib/mysql/hellodb/students1.sql' (Errcode: 2), when using
table: students1
未设置--local选项时，默认只从mysql数据存放路径同名数据库目录下读取文件导入
[root@www
~]# mysqlimport -u mhauser -p888888 hellodb
/var/lib/mysql/tmp/students1.sql --fields-terminated="|"
hellodb.students1: Records: 27 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
例5：数据库存放表目录下同名文件导入表中，只需指定文件名
mysql>
delete from students1;
Query OK,
27 rows affected (0.47 sec)
[root@www
~]# cd /var/lib/mysql/hellodb/
[root@www
hellodb]# cp ../tmp/students1.sql .
将数据移到hellodb目录下，成功导入数据
[root@www
hellodb]# mysqlimport -u mhauser -p888888 hellodb students1.sql
--fields-terminated="|"
hellodb.students1: Records: 27 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
--fields-terminated="|"：指定字段分隔符
mysql>
select * from students1 limit 5,3;
+-------+-----------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| StuID |
Name
| Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+-------+-----------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
|
6 | Shi Qing | 46 | M
|
5 |
NULL |
|
7 | Xi Ren
| 19 |
F
|
3 |
NULL |
|
8 | Lin Daiyu | 17 | F
|
7 |
NULL |
+-------+-----------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
3 rows in
set (0.00 sec)
例6：忽略前5行数据导入表中
[root@www
tmp]# mysqlimport -u root --local hellodb classes2.sql
--ignore-lines=5
hellodb.classes2: Records: 5 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
--ignore-lines=n：指定忽略前n行
mysql>
select * from classes2;
+---------+--------------+----------+
| ClassID
| Class
| NumOfStu |
+---------+--------------+----------+
|
6 | Lianshan Pai |
27 |
|
7 | Ming Jiao
|
27
|
|
8 | Xiaoyao Pai |
15 |
|
9 | HuaShan Pai |
32 |
|
10 | Fuwei Biaoju |
19 |
+---------+--------------+----------+
5 rows in
set (0.00 sec)
例7：往非空表中导入数据
[root@www
hellodb]# >students1.sql
[root@www
hellodb]# vim students1.sql
[root@www
hellodb]# mysqlimport -u mhauser -p888888 hellodb students1.sql
--fields-terminated="|"
hellodb.students1: Records: 6 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
[root@www
hellodb]# more
students1.sql
|Meng Qi
D|17|M|2|3
|SuoLong|22|M|1|7
|Xiang
Kesi|43|M|2|16
|KaiDuo|52|M|4|4
|JoBa|12|M|3|1
|Nami|18|F|4|1
[root@www
hellodb]#
mysql>
select * from students1 limit 27,6;
+-------+------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| StuID |
Name
| Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+-------+------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
|
28 | Meng Qi D | 17 | M
|
2 |
3 |
|
29 | SuoLong
| 22 |
M
|
1 |
7 |
|
30 | Xiang Kesi | 43 | M
|
2 |
16
|
|
31 | KaiDuo
| 52 |
M
|
4 |
4 |
|
32 | JoBa
| 12 |
M
|
3 |
1 |
|
33 | Nami
| 18 |
F
|
4 |
1 |
+-------+------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
6 rows in
set (0.17 sec)
mysql>
select count(*) from students1 ;
+----------+
| count(*)
|
+----------+
|
33 |
+----------+
1 row in
set (0.03 sec)
数据会追加在表后
例8、远程连接MySQL服务器导入特定字段
mysql>
drop table students1;
Query OK,
0 rows affected (2.89 sec)
mysql>
create table students1 like students;
Query OK,
0 rows affected (1.57 sec)
[root@test
mysql]# more /tmp/students1.sql
Meng Qi
D|17|M
SuoLong|22|M
Xiang
Kesi|43|M
KaiDuo|52|M
JoBa|12|M|
Nami|18|F|
Luo
Bing|25|F
Wu
Suopu|20|M
[root@test
mysql]# mysqlimport -h 192.168.88.131 -u mhauser -p888888
hellodb
--local --fields-terminated-by='|' '/tmp/students1.sql'
--columns='Name,Age,Gender'
hellodb.students1: Records: 8 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
--columns='Name,Age,Gender'：指定导入那些字段
-h 192.168.88.131：指定远程登录主机名
mysql>
select * from students1;
+-------+------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| StuID |
Name
| Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+-------+------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
|
1 | Meng Qi D | 17 | M
|
NULL |
NULL |
|
2 | SuoLong
| 22 |
M
|
NULL |
NULL |
|
3 | Xiang Kesi | 43 | M
|
NULL |
NULL |
|
4 | KaiDuo
| 52 |
M
|
NULL |
NULL |
|
5 | JoBa
| 12 |
M
|
NULL |
NULL |
|
6 | Nami
| 18 |
F
|
NULL |
NULL |
|
7 | Luo Bing
| 25 |
F
|
NULL |
NULL |
|
8 | Wu Suopu
| 20 |
M
|
NULL |
NULL |
+-------+------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
8 rows in
set (0.01 sec)
例9、远程连接MySQL服务器导入特定字段，采用压缩传递数据的形式
mysql>
drop table students1;
Query OK,
0 rows affected (0.75 sec)
mysql>
create table students1 like students;
Query OK,
0 rows affected (0.66 sec)
[root@test
mysql]# mysqlimport -h 192.168.88.131 -u mhauser -p888888
hellodb
--local -C --fields-terminated-by='|' '/tmp/students1.sql'
--columns='Name,ClassID,Gender'
hellodb.students1: Records: 8 Deleted: 0 Skipped: 0 Warnings: 0
-C：指定压缩方式传递数据
mysql>
select * from students1;
+-------+------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
| StuID |
Name
| Age | Gender | ClassID | TeacherID |
+-------+------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
|
1 | Meng Qi D | 0 |
M
|
17 |
NULL |
|
2 | SuoLong
| 0 |
M
|
22 |
NULL |
|
3 | Xiang Kesi | 0 |
M
|
43 |
NULL |
|
4 | KaiDuo
| 0 |
M
|
52 |
NULL |
|
5 | JoBa
| 0 |
M
|
12 |
NULL |
|
6 | Nami
| 0 |
F
|
18 |
NULL |
|
7 | Luo Bing |
0 |
F
|
25 |
NULL |
|
8 | Wu Suopu
| 0 |
M
|
20 |
NULL |
+-------+------------+-----+--------+---------+-----------+
8 rows in
set (0.00 sec)
