RedHat Enterprise Linux6.4 使用CentOS yum源
-03-09 14:51 8676人阅读 评论(5) 收藏 举报分类：版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，未经博主允许。
[plain]view plaincopyprint? [admin@server1~]$uname-aLinuxserver12.6.32-358.el6.x86_64#1SMPTueJan2911:47:41ESTx86_64x86_64x86_64GNU/Linux
在使用redhat linux的yum来安装或者更新软件的时候会提示
[plain]view plaincopyprint? [admin@server1~]$sudoyuminstallgccLoadedplugins:product-id,refresh-packagekit,security,subscription-managerThissystemisnotregisteredtoRedHatSubscriptionManagement.Youcanusesubscription-managertoregister.SettingupInstallProcessNopackagegccavailable.Error:Nothingtodo
[注]请以root身份操作
由于 redhat的yum在线更新是收费的，如果没有注册的话不能使用，如果要使用，需将redhat的yum卸载后，重启安装，再配置其他源
解决办法：
1、首先到/centos下载软件包
x86 地址：/centos/6/os/i386/Packages/
x86_64 地址：/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/
必要下载的软件包有（以64位系统为例）：
1> Python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
2> yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
3> yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
4> yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm
下载命令：
[plain]view plaincopyprint? wget/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpm
[plain]view plaincopyprint? wget/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpm
[plain]view plaincopyprint? wget/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpm
[plain]view plaincopyprint? wget/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm
[注] :版本不一定要最新的(/centos/6/os/x86_64/Packages/ 查找对应版本)
2、卸载RedHat自带的yum
[plain]view plaincopyprint? rpm-qa|grepyum|xargsrpm-e--nodeps
注：1> xargs是一条Unix和类Unix操作系统的常用命令。它的作用是将参数列表转换成小块分段传递给其他命令，以避免参数列表过长的问题
2> --nodeps 强制卸载,不管依赖性
3、安装下载的centos的yum包：
[plain]view plaincopyprint? rpm-ivhpython-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpmrpm-ivhyum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm-ivhyum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpmyum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm
[注] :最后2个需要一起安装，否则会出现依赖性错误
4、到的 centos帮助文档 中下载CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件，存放到/etc/yum.repo.d中
[plain]view plaincopyprint? wget/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
5、编辑CentOS6-Base-163.repo文件，将其中的$releasever更改为centos的版本号
下面是修改好的：
[plain]view plaincopyprint? #CentOS-Base.repo##ThemirrorsystemusestheconnectingIPaddressoftheclientandthe#updatestatusofeachmirrortopickmirrorsthatareupdatedtoand#geographicallyclosetotheclient.YoushouldusethisforCentOSupdates#unlessyouaremanuallypickingothermirrors.##Ifthemirrorlist=doesnotworkforyou,asafallbackyoucantrythe#remarkedoutbaseurl=lineinstead.##[base]name=CentOS-6.5-Base-baseurl=/centos/6.5/os/$basearch/#mirrorlist=/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=osgpgcheck=1gpgkey=/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#releasedupdates[updates]name=CentOS-6.5-Updates-baseurl=/centos/6.5/updates/$basearch/#mirrorlist=/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=updatesgpgcheck=1gpgkey=/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#additionalpackagesthatmaybeuseful[extras]name=CentOS-6.5-Extras-baseurl=/centos/6.5/extras/$basearch/#mirrorlist=/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=extrasgpgcheck=1gpgkey=/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#additionalpackagesthatextendfunctionalityofexistingpackages[centosplus]name=CentOS-6.5-Plus-baseurl=/centos/6.5/centosplus/$basearch/#mirrorlist=/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplusgpgcheck=1enabled=0gpgkey=/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#contrib-packagesbyCentosUsers[contrib]name=CentOS-6.5-Contrib-baseurl=/centos/6.5/contrib/$basearch/#mirrorlist=/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=contribgpgcheck=1enabled=0gpgkey=/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
6、yum clean all 清除原有缓存
7、yum makecache 获取yum列表
出现下面提示，表示yum更改完成：
Metadata Cache Created
脚本：
[plain]view plaincopyprint? #!/bin/bashPATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/binexportPATH#Checkifuserisrootif[$(id-u)!="0"];thenecho"Error:Youmustberoottorunthisscript"exit1ficlearecho"========================================================================="echo"ReplaceRedhatEnterpriseYumtoCentOSYumandRepos,WrittenbyLicess"echo"========================================================================="#uninstallrhelyumecho"UninstallRhelYum......"rpm-qa|grepyum|xargsrpm-e--nodeps#deleteoldrpmecho"Cleanoldcache......"rm-rfpython-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpmrm-rfyum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpmrm-rfyum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpmrm-rfyum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm#downloadCentOSYumecho"DownloadPython-iniparse......"wget/centos/6....-2.1.el6.noarch.rpmecho"Downloadyum-metadata-parse......"wget/centos/6....2-16.el6.x86_64.rpmecho"Downloadyum......"wget/centos/6....6.centos.noarch.rpmecho"Downloadyumfastmirror......"wget/centos/6....0-14.el6.noarch.rpm#installCentOSYumecho"Installing......"rpm-ivhpython-iniparse-0.3.1-2.1.el6.noarch.rpmrpm-ivhyum-metadata-parser-1.1.2-16.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm-ivhyum-3.2.29-40.el6.centos.noarch.rpmyum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.30-14.el6.noarch.rpm#replacereposrm-rf/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repoecho"[base]name=CentOS-6.5-Base-baseurl=/centos/6.5/os/x86_64/#mirrorlist=/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=osgpgcheck=1gpgkey=/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#releasedupdates[updates]name=CentOS-6.5-Updates-baseurl=/centos/6.5/updates/x86_64/#mirrorlist=/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=updatesgpgcheck=1gpgkey=/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#additionalpackagesthatmaybeuseful[extras]name=CentOS-6.5-Extras-baseurl=/centos/6.5/extras/x86_64/#mirrorlist=/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=extrasgpgcheck=1gpgkey=/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#additionalpackagesthatextendfunctionalityofexistingpackages[centosplus]name=CentOS-6.5-Plus-baseurl=/centos/6.5/centosplus/x86_64/#mirrorlist=/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplusgpgcheck=1enabled=0gpgkey=/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6#contrib-packagesbyCentosUsers[contrib]name=CentOS-6.5-Contrib-baseurl=/centos/6.5/contrib/x86_64/#mirrorlist=/?release=6.5&arch=$basearch&repo=contribgpgcheck=1enabled=0gpgkey=/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6">>/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo#####yumcleanallyummakecacheyumupdateecho"=========================================================================="echo"YouhavesuccessfullyreplaceRedhatEnterpriseYumtoCentOSyumandrepos"echo"=========================================================================="
