一、介绍
本例子用scrapy-splash抓取今日头条网站给定关键字抓取咨询信息。
给定关键字：打通；融合；电视
抓取信息内如下：
1、资讯标题
2、资讯链接
3、资讯时间
4、资讯来源
二、网站信息
三、数据抓取
针对上面的网站信息，来进行抓取
1、首先抓取信息列表
抓取代码：sels = site.xpath('//div[@class="articleCard"]')
2、抓取标题
由于在抓取标题的时候，在列表页不太好抓取，所以就绕了一下直接每条资讯的链接页面来抓取标题
抓取代码：titles = sel.xpath('.//div[@class="doc-title"]/text()')
3、抓取链接
抓取代码：url = '' + str(sel.xpath('.//a[@class="link title"]/@href')[0].extract())
4、抓取日期
抓取代码：dates = sel.xpath('.//span[@class="lbtn"]/text()')
5、抓取来源
抓取代码：source=str(sel.xpath('.//a[@class="lbtn source J_source"]/text()')[0].extract())
四、完整代码
1、toutiaoSpider
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-import scrapyfrom scrapy import Requestfrom scrapy.spiders import Spiderfrom scrapy_splash import SplashRequestfrom scrapy_splash import SplashMiddlewarefrom scrapy.http import Request, HtmlResponsefrom scrapy.selector import Selectorfrom scrapy_splash import SplashRequestfrom splash_test.items import SplashTestItemimport IniFileimport sysimport osimport reimport timereload(sys)sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')# sys.stdout = open('output.txt', 'w')class toutiaoSpider(Spider):name = 'toutiao'configfile = os.path.join(os.getcwd(), 'splash_test\spiders\setting.conf')cf = IniFile.ConfigFile(configfile)information_keywords = cf.GetValue("section", "information_keywords")information_wordlist = information_keywords.split(';')websearchurl = cf.GetValue("toutiao", "websearchurl")start_urls = []for word in information_wordlist:start_urls.append(websearchurl + word)# request需要封装成SplashRequestdef start_requests(self):for url in self.start_urls:index = url.rfind('=')yield SplashRequest(url, self.parse, args={'wait': '2'},meta={'keyword': url[index + 1:]})def date_isValid(self, strDateText):'''判断日期时间字符串是否合法：如果给定时间大于当前时间是合法，或者说当前时间给定的范围内:param strDateText: 四种格式 '2小时前'; '2天前' ; '昨天' ;'.2.12 ':return: True:合法；False:不合法'''currentDate = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')if strDateText.find('分钟前') > 0 or strDateText.find('刚刚') > -1:return True, currentDateelif strDateText.find('小时前') > 0:datePattern = pile(r'\d{1,2}')ch = int(time.strftime('%H')) # 当前小时数strDate = re.findall(datePattern, strDateText)if len(strDate) == 1:if int(strDate[0]) <= ch: # 只有小于当前小时数，才认为是今天return True, currentDatereturn False, ''def parse(self, response):site = Selector(response)# it_list = []keyword = response.meta['keyword']sels = site.xpath('//div[@class="articleCard"]')for sel in sels:dates = sel.xpath('.//span[@class="lbtn"]/text()')if len(dates) > 0:flag, date = self.date_isValid(dates[0].extract())if flag:url = '' + str(sel.xpath('.//a[@class="link title"]/@href')[0].extract())source=str(sel.xpath('.//a[@class="lbtn source J_source"]/text()')[0].extract())yield SplashRequest(url, self.parse_item, args={'wait': '1'},meta={'date': date, 'url': url,'keyword': keyword, 'source': source})def parse_item(self, response):site = Selector(response)it = SplashTestItem()titles = site.xpath('//h1[@class="article-title"]/text()')count = 0if len(titles) > 0:keyword = response.meta['keyword']strtiltle = str(titles[0].extract())if strtiltle.find(keyword) > -1:it['title'] = strtiltleit['url'] = response.meta['url']it['date'] = response.meta['date']it['keyword'] = keywordit['source'] = response.meta['source']return it
2、SplashTestItem
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Define here the models for your scraped items## See documentation in:# /en/latest/topics/items.htmlimport scrapyclass SplashTestItem(scrapy.Item):#标题title = scrapy.Field()#日期date = scrapy.Field()#链接url = scrapy.Field()#关键字keyword = scrapy.Field()#来源网站source = scrapy.Field()
3、SplashTestPipeline
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Define your item pipelines here## Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting# See: /en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.htmlimport codecsimport jsonclass SplashTestPipeline(object):def __init__(self):# self.file = open('data.json', 'wb')self.file = codecs.open('spider.txt', 'w', encoding='utf-8')# self.file = codecs.open(#'spider.json', 'w', encoding='utf-8')def process_item(self, item, spider):line = json.dumps(dict(item), ensure_ascii=False) + "\n"self.file.write(line)return itemdef spider_closed(self, spider):self.file.close()
4、setting.conf
iedriverserver = C:\Program Files\Internet Explorer\IEDriverServer.exemeeting_keywords = 互联网电视;智能电视;数字;影音;家庭娱乐;节目;视听;版权;数据information_keywords = 电视;数字电视;OTT;节目内容;盒子;智能推荐;个性化;视频;影音;跨屏;融合;打通;多平台#information_keywords = 电视;OTTinvalid_day = 4nexturllabel = 下一页timesleep = 3[toutiao]websearchurl = /search/?keyword=
